Explanation

• A change in physical appearance or state of a substance, such as a change in shape, size, color, or phase (solid, liquid, gas), is called a Physical Change.
  

The are examples of Physical Changes:

• Melting (ice cream, wax, chocolate, ice and change from solid to liquid)
• Phase changes (boiling, freezing, condensation)
• Crushing (chalk)
• Tearing (paper)
• Crumpling (aluminium foil)
• Stretching (rubber band)
• Mixing (sugar in water)
• Dissolving (sugar, salt in water)
• Moulding (clay, metals)
• Slicing (fruit)
• Forming of frost (from water vapors)
• Transition to a gas (change from liquid to gas)
• Change of durability (change in texture or strength)
• Changes to crystal form (change in crystal structure)

Last verified on 17-03-2026

Explanation

• A mature, large ovary and seed are characteristics of a fruit.
• A fruit is the mature ovary of a plant, which contains seeds.
• It typically surrounded by a fleshy, edible pulp.

Last verified on 17-03-2026

Explanation

• Root hairs are tiny tubular outgrowths of roots in plants.
• They increase the surface area of roots for efficient absorption.
• Their main function is to absorb water, mineral salts, and gases from the soil.
• They do not perform photosynthesis or reproduction.

Last verified on 17-03-2026

Explanation

• A sphygmomanometer is a medical device used to measure blood pressure.
• It consists of an inflatable cuff and a pressure gauge.

Last verified on 17-03-2026

Explanation

• Bile, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
• It breaks down fats into smaller particles, making it easier for enzymes to digest them.
• This process is called emulsification.

Last verified on 17-03-2026

Explanation

• Translocation is the process by which food made in the leaves moves to other parts of the plant through the phloem.
• In plants, food is produced in the leaves through photosynthesis.
• This prepared food must be transported to other parts like roots, stems, and fruits.

Last verified on 16-03-2026

Explanation

• During swallowing, the epiglottis (a flap of cartilage) folds down.
• It closes the opening of the trachea (windpipe) so that food enters the esophagus instead of the airway.
• This protective mechanism prevents choking and food entering the lungs.

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• The symbolic representation of a molecule of a compound is called a formula.
• It uses symbols and numbers to represent the composition of the molecule.
• For example, the formula for water is H₂O, indicating two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

The correct order of the alimentary canal, also known as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract:

• Mouth: Food enters the mouth, where it's chewed and mixed with saliva.
• Oesophagus: Food passes through the oesophagus, a muscular tube that transports it to the stomach.
• Stomach: The stomach secretes gastric juices to digest proteins and fats.
• Small Intestine: Nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine, where specialized structures like villi and microvilli increase the surface area.

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• Valency is the combining capacity of an atom to form molecules or compounds.
• It depends on the number of electrons an atom can lose, gain, or share to complete its outer shell.

Last verified on 15-03-2026