Explanation

• Limiting factors are environmental conditions that restrict the growth, abundance, or distribution of organisms.
• They determine which species can survive and how many individuals of each species can exist in an ecosystem.
• Limiting factors can be abiotic (non-living) like sunlight, water, or temperature.
• They can also be biotic (living) like competition, predation, or disease.

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• Stomata are tiny pores present mainly on the surface of leaves.
• They allow carbon dioxide (CO₂) to enter the plant for photosynthesis and release oxygen.
• Stomata are controlled by guard cells, which open and close the pores.

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• The outer ear (pinna and ear canal) collects sound vibrations from the environment.
• These vibrations travel through the auditory canal to the eardrum (tympanic membrane).

Additional information:

Main Parts of the Ear

• Outer Ear – Pinna and auditory canal
• Middle Ear – Eardrum and three ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)
• Inner Ear – Cochlea and semicircular canals (hearing and balance)

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• Nitrogen (N2) makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere.
• Making it the most abundant gas in the atmosphere.
• It is followed by oxygen (~21%), with other gases in much smaller amounts.

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• A molecule is the smallest particle of a substance that retains its chemical properties.
• It is made of two or more atoms chemically bonded together.
• Examples of molecules: H₂O, O₂, CO₂, NH₃, CH₄.

Additional information:

• An atom is the smallest unit of an element.
• A compound is a substance formed when different elements combine chemically.

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

• Conduction is the process of heat transfer through direct contact of molecules.
• In solids, especially metals, molecules vibrate and pass energy to neighboring molecules.
• No movement of the substance itself is required; only energy is transferred.

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

• Green plants use carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere to make food via photosynthesis.
• In photosynthesis, CO₂ + H₂O → Glucose + O₂ (with sunlight and chlorophyll).

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

• Glucose is a simple sugar (monosaccharide) and a primary source of energy for cells.
• Its chemical formula is C6H12O6.

Additional information:

• Fructose: C6H12O6 (same formula as glucose, different structure)
• Galactose: C6H12O6
• Ribose: C5H10O5
• Deoxyribose: C5H10O4
• Sucrose (disaccharide): C12H22O11

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

• Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is produced in the stomach, not the liver.
• The Right lobe, Hepatocyte, Common bile duct are directly associated with the liver.
• The liver is involved in bile production, metabolism, and detoxification.

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

• Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.
• They are the site of cellular respiration, where glucose is converted into ATP (energy).
• Mitochondria have a double membrane and their own DNA and ribosomes.
• They provide energy for all cell activities.

Last verified on 13-03-2026