Explanation

• SUPARCO (Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission) is the space agency of Pakistan.
• It was established in 1961.
• SUPARCO is responsible for the national space program of Pakistan and has developed the capacity for a national satellite program.

Explanation

• CNSA (China National Space Administration) is a government agency of the People's Republic of China.
• It was established in 1993.
• It is responsible for civil space administration and international space cooperation.

Explanation

• RKA (Roscosmos) is the space agency of Russia.
• It was established in 1992.
• RKA is the Russian Federal Space Agency, formerly the Soviet Space Program, which launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, and sent Yuri Gagarin, the first human, to space.
• Roscosmos is headquartered in Moscow.

Explanation

• Meteoroids are small rocky particles that float in outer space.
• They can range in size from a grain of sand to a boulder.
• When a meteoroid enters Earth's atmosphere, it becomes a meteor (shooting star).
• It can potentially land on Earth as a meteorite.

Explanation

Comets are icy bodies that orbit the Sun, and they appear as a long hair-like strand due to their tail of gas and dust.

They consist of three main parts:

1. Nucleus: The central, solid part of the comet.
2. Coma: The cloud of gas and dust surrounding the nucleus.
3. Tail: The long, trailing cloud of gas and dust that follows the comet as it orbits the Sun.

Explanation

• Comets are the small broken pieces of ice, dust, and gases found beyond the orbits of Neptune and Pluto in the solar system.
• Comets originate from regions such as the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud, where they are composed of volatile substances like ice and dust.

Explanation

• If a human-made (artificial) body moves around a celestial body it is called an artificial satellite.
• Artificial satellites are objects placed into orbit around celestial bodies by humans for purposes such as communication, weather monitoring, and scientific research.

Explanation

• If a celestial body moves around another large celestial body it is called a natural satellite.
• Natural satellites, like moons, orbit planets due to gravitational forces, distinguishing them from artificial satellites, asteroids, and planets.

Explanation

A satellite is an object that orbits a larger celestial body, such as a planet or star.

Examples:

• Moons (natural satellites) that orbit planets
• Artificial satellites (like the International Space Station) that orbit Earth

Explanation

• The three bones in the middle ear are the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup).
• The stapes, or stirrup, is the last bone in the chain and transmits sound vibrations to the inner ear.