Explanation

Glucose (C6H12O6) is a type of carbohydrate, specifically a simple sugar or monosaccharide.

It is a vital source of energy for many living organisms, including humans.

Glucose is a primary component of many carbohydrates, such as starch, cellulose, and glycogen.

Explanation

Lactose, also known as milk sugar.

It is a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose molecules.

It is found in milk and other dairy products.

Explanation

The functional group -COOH is the carboxyl group, which is a characteristic functional group of carboxylic acids.

Carboxylic acids are a class of organic compounds that contain this group, examples include:

• Formic acid (HCOOH)
• Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
• Citric acid (C6H8O7)

Explanation

• Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with hydrocarbons and their derivatives.
• They are compounds containing carbon and hydrogen atoms.
• It may also contain other elements like oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur.

Explanation

The lens in the human eye is a convex lens, meaning it is thicker in the middle than at the edges.

This shape allows it to focus light rays convergently, creating a real image on the retina.

A convex lens is also known as a converging lens, as it converges light rays to a focal point.

Explanation

The stratosphere is the second layer of Earth's atmosphere as you go upwards, lying above the troposphere and below the mesosphere.

The layers of the Earth's atmosphere, in order from the surface, are:

1. Troposphere (up to about 12 km/7.5 miles)
2. Stratosphere (up to about 50 km/31 miles)
3. Mesosphere (up to about 85 km/53 miles)
4. Thermosphere (up to about 600 km/373 miles)

Explanation

Water (H₂O) is a polar solvent due to its asymmetrical molecular structure.

It results in a slightly positive charge on the hydrogen atoms.

A slightly negative charge on the oxygen atom.

Explanation

• A Neutralization reaction is a specific type of reaction where an acid and a base react to form a salt and water only, with no other products.
• This reaction is characterized by the elimination of acidic and basic properties, resulting in a neutral solution.
• Example: HCl (acid) + NaOH (base) → NaCl (salt) + H2O (water)

Explanation

In the normal human eye, the image is formed On the retina, where light is focused and converted into electrical signals by photoreceptors.

This allows us to perceive and interpret visual information.

Explanation

• Only about 2.5% (3%) of the water on Earth is freshwater, which is vital for human consumption, agriculture, and ecosystem health.
• The remaining 97.5% (97%) is saltwater, found in oceans, seas, and salt lakes.