Explanation

Pathology is the branch of science that focuses on the causes, effects, and nature of diseases in organisms.

It studies both the structure and function of diseased tissues and organs.

Explanation

A contagious disease spreads through direct or indirect contact with an infected person.

communicable diseases spread

Direct contact: Touching, sexual intercourse, or contact with bodily fluids from an infected person. 

Indirect contact:

Airborne: Breathing in germ-containing air after an infected person coughs or sneezes. 

Contaminated objects: Touching surfaces that have been contaminated by the pathogen. 

Contaminated food and water: Consuming food or water that contains disease-causing microorganisms. 

Vectors: Transmission by insects like mosquitoes or ticks. 

Examples of communicable diseases 

Bacterial: Tuberculosis, Salmonella, E. coli

Viral: Dengue, HIV, Ebola virus

Fungal: Ringworm, tinea

Parasitic: Malaria

Explanation

The first consequence of lymphatic blockage in tissues is excess fluid accumulation in tissue.

This condition is known as lymphedema, or swelling, which occurs

Because the lymphatic system is responsible for collecting excess interstitial fluid and proteins from tissues and returning them to the bloodstream. 

Explanation

“Tooth Decay” due to the deficiency of Fluorine.

Tooth decay occurs when foods containing carbohydrates sugars and starches are left on the teeth.

Explanation

Chloroquine is a medication used to prevent and treat malaria.

It is a disease caused by parasitic protozoans.

It is commonly used as an anti-malarial drug.

It has been widely used for decades.

Chloroquine was discovered in 1934.

Explanation

Mosquito causes Malaria which affects Spleen.

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites.

Spleen means تلی

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ND30-12-2022

Explanation

Hepatitis C is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis C virus. 

Hepatitis C is often described as “acute,” meaning a new infection, or “chronic,” meaning long-term infection.

Explanation

Bronchitis is a disease related to the respiratory tract.

It is characterized by inflammation of the bronchial tubes.

It leads to coughing and breathing difficulties.

Bronchitis is a condition that develops when the airways in the lungs.

It usually happens because of a virus that irritates the lungs

such as:

• tobacco smoke
• fumes
• dust
• and air pollution

Explanation

Ablutophobia is the fear of bathing or washing.

It is a specific phobia where individuals experience anxiety related to personal hygiene activities.

Explanation

An epidemic is derived from Greek epi meaning upon or above and demos meaning people.

An epidemic occurs when a large number of people in a specific area and time experience a sudden outbreak of a disease, exceeding normal expectations.