Explanation

• Memory (RAM): Temporary, volatile, fast access
• Storage (HDD/SSD): Permanent, non-volatile, slower than RAM
• Example Memory: RAM in computers (4GB, 8GB, 16GB)
• Example Storage: Hard disk, SSD (256GB, 512GB, 1TB)
• Purpose: Memory = active tasks, Storage = long-term data

Last verified on 17-01-2026

Explanation

• Data is permanently stored in the Hard Disk.
• A hard disk is a secondary storage device used to store data for long-term use.
• Data remains stored even when the computer is turned off.

Additional information:

• RAM → Temporary/volatile memory
• Cache → High-speed temporary memory
• Bus → Transfers data, addresses, and control signals

Last verified on 08-08-2026

Explanation

• The standard arrangement of keys on a keyboard is called the QWERTY arrangement.
• The name QWERTY comes from the first six letters in the top alphabetic row: Q, W, E, R, T, Y.
• It was developed from the keyboard layout used in early typewriters.
• QWERTY became the most widely used keyboard layout.

Last verified on 07-08-2026

Explanation

• An Integrated Circuit (IC) chip is primarily made from silicon, a semiconductor material.
• IC chips are used in computers, smartphones, calculators, and other electronic devices.

Additional information:

• Atomic Number of Silicon: 14
• Silicon Group: Group 14 (Carbon Family)
• First Integrated Circuit Invented: 1958
• Inventor: Jack Kilby (Texas Instruments)

Last verified on 06-08-2026

Explanation

• Simplex — one-directional data flow from computer to printer only, with no data sent back.

Additional information 

• Half-duplex— data travels both ways, but only one direction at a time.
• Full-duplex— data travels both ways simultaneously.
• Multiplex— combining multiple signals into one channel, not directly relevant here

Explanation

• Monitor and Speaker are output devices.
• Because they display visual information and produce sound instead of sending data to the computer

• Input devices are used to enter data and instructions into a computer.
• Output devices present the processed information to the user.
• Common input devices: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Microphone, Joystick
• Common output devices: Monitor, Speaker, Printer, Projector, Plotter

Last verified on 01-08-2026

Explanation

• The main function of a Hard Disk Drive (HDD) is to store data and programs permanently.
• HDD is a secondary storage device used in computers.
• It stores the operating system, software, and user files even when the computer is turned off.
• It provides large storage capacity compared to primary memory (RAM).
• HDD stores data magnetically on rotating disks.

Last verified on 10-07-2026

Explanation

• A printer is an example of a hard copy output device.
• A printer produces a physical copy of digital information on paper.
• Hard copy can be touched and stored physically.
• Printers and plotters are common examples of hard copy output devices.

Last verified on 30-06-2026

Explanation

• An operating system manages computer hardware and software resources.
• It uses hardware efficiently and provides services to applications.
• It allows programs to run smoothly and interact with hardware.
• It acts as an interface between users, applications, and hardware.

Last verified on 08-06-2026

Explanation

• In the standard MS Word Font Size toolbar list, sizes range from 8 to 72.
• These are the default preset font sizes shown in the dropdown menu.
• However, Word manually supports font sizes from 1 to 1638.
• Shortcut to change font size: Ctrl + Shift + P.
• Font size is measured in points (pt).

Last verified on 29-05-2026