Explanation

• When a saturated solution is diluted, the concentration of the solute decreases, and the solution becomes unsaturated.
• This means that the solution can still dissolve more solute than it currently contains.

Explanation

• The molarity (M) of a solution represents the number of moles of solute per liter of solution (not per liter of water).
• A lower molarity indicates a more dilute solution, which means it contains more water.

Explanation

• An example of a true solution is Ink in water.
• In a true solution, the solute particles are completely dissolved and cannot be seen or separated by filtration, which is characteristic of ink dissolved in water.

Explanation

A 10% (w/w) sugar solution means that 10 grams of sugar (the solute) is dissolved in 90 grams of water (the solvent), making a total of 100 grams of solution.

The percentage is calculated as:

(10 g sugar / 100 g total) × 100% = 10% (w/w)

So, 10 grams of sugar is dissolved in 90 grams of water.

Explanation

To calculate the molarity, we need to calculate the number of moles of sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolved in 500 cm³ (or 0.5 L) of solution.

Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol

Number of moles = mass / molar mass = 40 g / 58.44 g/mol ≈ 0.684 mol

Molarity = number of moles / volume (in liters) = 0.684 mol / 0.5 L ≈ 1.368 M

Rounded to one decimal place, this is approximately 1.4M.

Explanation

The molar mass of sodium chloride (NaCl) is 58.44 g/mol.

To find the mass of 2 moles of NaCl, you can multiply the molar mass by 2: 2 mol × 58.44 g/mol = 116.88 g

Rounded to the nearest gram, this is approximately 117 grams.

Explanation

• A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the components have different physical properties, such as color, texture, or phase (solid, liquid, or gas).
• In a heterogeneous mixture, the components are not uniformly distributed, and you can often see the individual components.

Explanation

• Solubility is typically expressed in grams of solute per 100 grams of solvent, denoted as g/100g or g/100mL.
• This unit is called the percentage concentration or percentage composition.

Explanation

• When sand is added to water, it does not dissolve, but instead forms a mixture where the sand particles settle at the bottom of the container.
• This type of mixture is called a suspension, where the particles of the solute (sand) do not dissolve in the solvent (water) and instead remain suspended.

Explanation

• When a saturated solution of KCl (potassium chloride) is heated, the solubility of KCl increases, allowing more KCl to dissolve in the solution.
• If the solution is heated to a temperature where all the KCl dissolves, it becomes a supersaturated solution.
• A supersaturated solution contains more dissolved solute than it can hold at a given temperature, making it unstable.