Explanation

• Red rot is a major fungal disease of sugarcane caused by Colletotrichum falcatum.
• Mostly affects mature, thick sugarcane stalks.

Additional information:

• Red rot is more severe in stressed or old crops.
• Symptoms include reddish streaks in cane, white fungal growth inside, and bad smell.

Last verified on 20-01-2026

Explanation

• Strawberry is classified as an aggregate fruit.
• The tiny seeds (achenes) on the surface are the true fruits.

Additional information:

• Examples of aggregate fruits: Strawberry, Raspberry, Blackberry.
• Strawberries are rich in vitamin C and antioxidants.

Last verified on 20-01-2026

Explanation

• The lipid membrane is rigid, providing a protective barrier against chilling and environmental stress.
• Flexible or liquid membranes do not effectively prevent chilling injury.

Additional information:

• The cuticular wax layer contributes to rigidity.
• Helps maintain fruit and vegetable shelf life during storage.

Last verified on 20-01-2026

Explanation

• Waterlogged soils have a massive structure, meaning they form large, hard clods with little visible granular structure.
• This occurs because water pressure compacts soil particles at the surface.

Additional information:

• Massive soils have low permeability and poor aeration.
• Proper drainage and puddling can improve rice yield in such soils.

Last verified on 20-01-2026

Explanation

• Citrus trees in tropical regions are mostly evergreen.
• They retain and grow leaves throughout the year due to consistent warm climate.
• Seasonal changes have minimal effect on their leaf growth.

Additional information:

• Examples of citrus trees: Orange, Lemon, Lime, Grapefruit.
• Evergreen nature helps in continuous photosynthesis and fruit production.

Last verified on 20-01-2026

Explanation

• Soybean plants have dense root systems that bind soil particles, reducing erosion.
• It is commonly used in crop rotation and soil conservation programs.

Additional information:

• Other soil-conserving crops include clover, alfalfa, and grasses.
• Planting cover crops also improves soil fertility and prevents weed growth.

Last verified on 20-01-2026

Explanation

• Plants that do not shed their leaves seasonally are called evergreen plants.
• They maintain green foliage throughout the year.

Additional information:

• Examples of evergreen plants: Pine, Eucalyptus, Mango.
• Evergreen trees play an important role in preventing soil erosion and maintaining oxygen levels.

Last verified on 20-01-2026

Explanation

• A new innovation is typically the outcome of systematic investigation.
• It arises when people explore problems, test ideas, and develop solutions.
• Innovation often improves technology, products, or processes.

Last verified on 20-01-2026

Explanation

• Flowering occurs when a plant reaches its maturity stage.
• At this stage, the plant is fully developed and capable of reproduction.

Additional information:

• Flowering is controlled by plant hormones like florigen.
• Environmental factors such as light (photoperiod) and temperature affect flowering.

Last verified on 20-01-2026

Explanation

• Research and extension activities are mainly carried out by extension workers.
• They act as a link between scientists and farmers to transfer new technologies and practices.

Additional information:

• Extension workers help improve crop yield and farm income.
• They play a key role in awareness, training, and adoption of innovations.

Last verified on 20-01-2026