Explanation

• Digestion begins in the mouth, starting immediately when food is ingested.
• Both mechanical digestion (chewing) and chemical digestion (salivary amylase breaking down carbohydrates) 

Additional information:

• Mouth: Food is chewed and mixed with saliva that contains enzymes to break down carbohydrates.
• Esophagus: Food is swallowed and passes through the esophagus into the stomach.
• Stomach: Food is mixed with stomach acid and enzymes to break down proteins and fats.
• Small Intestine: Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream.
• Large Intestine: Water and electrolytes are absorbed, and waste is eliminated.

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Last updated by NS on 01 MAY 2026

Explanation

• Razia Sultana was the first and last female ruler of Delhi Sultanate.
  • She ruled India from 1236 to 1240.
  • She was the daughter of Sultan Shams-ud-Din Iltutmish and Turkan Khatun.
  • Known for her bravery, intelligence, and administrative skills.

Last verified on 02-02-2026

Explanation

• Islamabad was named on 24 February 1960.
• It was declared the new capital of Pakistan during the era of Ayub Khan.
• The capital was shifted from Karachi to Islamabad for better administration and a central location.
• The city was planned and designed by the Greek architect Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis.

Additional information:

• 1961 – Construction of the new capital city started
• 1967 – Government offices gradually shifted to Islamabad

Last verified on 16-03-2026

Explanation

• The Nehru Report was published on August 28, 1928,
• At the Lucknow conference.
• It appealed for dominion status and a federal government setup for India.
• The committee was chaired by Motilal Nehru, with Jawaharlal Nehru as a member.
• Muhammad Ali Jinnah voted against this report and responded with his 14 Points.

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Last updated by NA on 25-April-2026

Explanation

• Expand means پھیلانا
• Shorten means گھٹانا
• Condense means مختصر کرنا

Last verified on 24-04-2026

Explanation

• "A black and white cow is grazing in the field."
• The subject "A black and white cow" is singular.
• So, the singular verb "is" is used.

Last verified on 28-04-2026

Explanation

• Mount Everest is the Highest peak in the world.
• It is located in Nepal.
• Height: 8,848.86m (29,032 feet)
• The first time expedition in 1953.
• It was named after George Everest in 1856.
• In the range of mountains: the Himalayas

Additional information

• The first person to reach Mount Everest? Sherpa Tenzing and Edmund Percival Hillary
• The first man to climb Mount Everest twice was? Nawang Gombu
• The first Pakistani woman to scale Mount Everest is? Samina Baig
• The first blind man in Asia and the third in the world to climb Mount Everest: Zhang Hong
• The youngest Pakistani to summit Mount Everest (8,848m), the tallest peak in the world: Sheroze Kashi
• Who has made a world record and become the fastest in the women's category to Scale Mount Everest? Tsang Yin-hung

Last updated by NA on 27 April 2026

Explanation

• The Saudi riyal is the currency of Saudi Arabia.
• Symbol: code: SAR
• It is subdivided into 100 halalas (Arabic: هللة Halalah).
• On February 20, 2025, the Saudi Central Bank announced the approval of the Saudi riyal symbol by King Salman

Additional information

• The capital of is Riyadh.
• The official language is Arabic.
• It is located in the continent of Asia.
• Primary Religion is Islam.
• Parliament, called Majlis Al Shura.

Last updated by NA on 27 April 2026

Explanation

• The Battle of Khyber was fought against the Jewish tribe.
• It was fought on 7 Hijri
• 93 Jews were killed 
• 15 Muslims were martyred 
• 3 caliphs were martyred due to the lake of water
• The Battle of Khaybar Result: Muslim victory

Additional information 

• Battle of Yarmouk: Fought between the Byzantine Empire and Muslim forces
• Under: Khalid bin Waleed.
• Dates: August 15 to August 20, 636 AD.
• Location: Near the Yarmouk River.

• Battle of Badr: Prophet Muhammad SAW,defeated the Quraysh army
• Under: Abu Jahl 
• Dates: Tuesday, 13 March 624 CE (17 Ramadan, 2 AH)
• Location: near the city of Badr.

• Battle of Trench: Muslims of Yathrib from Arab and Jewish tribes.
• Dates: 627 AD in fifth Hijri
•  It is a 27-day-long defense.
• Battle of Mutah: Muslims vs Byzantine Empire (Romans)
• Dates: 629 AD (8 AH)
• Location: Mu’tah (Jordan)
• Battle of Uhud: between Muslims and the Quraish of Makkah.
• Date: 23 March 625 AD (3 AH)
• Place: Valley of Uhud, near Madina

Last updated by NA on 27 April 2026

Explanation

• Vitamin K helps to make various proteins that are needed for blood clotting and the building of bones.
• Prothrombin is a vitamin K-dependent protein directly involved with blood clotting.

• Vitamin C may protect the body against the effects of pollution.
• It may also prevent blood clots and reduce bruising.

Last verified on 31-03-2026