Explanation

For any set, we count subsets using powers of 2.

Rule

If a set has n elements, then  

Number of subsets = 2^n

Reason

For each element you have exactly 2 choices:  

1. Put it in the subset  

2. Leave it out  

With 5 elements, total choices = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 2^5

Apply to {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}  

n = 5  

Number of subsets = 2^5 = 32

That 32 includes:  

1. The empty set: {}  

2. All sets with 1 element, 2 elements, 3 elements, 4 elements  

3. The set itself: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

Last verified on 28-07-2026

Explanation

• A cell shrinks due to osmosis when placed in a concentrated salt solution.
• Water moves out of the cell into the salt solution through the cell membrane.
• This happens because the outside solution is hypertonic.
• As water leaves the cell, it loses volume and shrinks.
• This process is called osmosis.

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Explanation

Box D is heavier than Box A  

Box A is heavier than Box B  

Box B is heavier than Box C  

So the order from heaviest to lightest is:  

Box D > Box A > Box B > Box C

Therefore, Box D is the heaviest.

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Explanation

P is the mother of R, and R has a sister U. Since U is also a child of P, P is U's mother too.  

T is the son of U, which means T is the child of P's daughter.  

The child of your daughter is your grandchild, so T is P's Grandson.

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Explanation

• When the volume of a gas decreases at constant temperature, its pressure increases.
• This relationship is explained by Boyle's Law.
• Boyle's Law states that pressure is inversely proportional to volume when temperature remains constant.

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Explanation

Step by step:

1. He starts facing West  

2. Turns right → from West, right turn faces North

3. Turns right again → from North, right turn faces East

So now he is facing East.

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Explanation

The word SPEECH has 6 letters, with E repeated twice.

Number of arrangements = 6! ÷ 2! = 720 ÷ 2 = 360.

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Explanation

• When it rains, it pours.
• A complex sentence has one independent clause and one dependent clause.
• "When it rains" is the dependent clause, and "it pours" is the independent clause.

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Explanation

• Headquarters: Washington, D.C., USA
• Established: Bretton Woods Conference, 1944
• Headquarters: Washington, D.C., USA
• Members: 189 countries
• Purpose / Aim: Provide loans and grants for development projects

Partner Institutions (5):

1. IBRO (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development)
2. IDA (International Development Association)
3. IFC (International Finance Corporation)
4. MIGA (Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency)
5. ICSID (International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes)

Pakistan Joined: 1950

Publications: Human Capital Index, World Development Report

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Date of Iranian strikes: 16 January 2024
• Target area: Balochistan, Pakistan
• Reason given by Iran: Targeting Jaish al-Adl
• Pakistan's response: 18 January 2024
• Operation by Pakistan: Operation Marg Bar Sarmachar

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