Explanation

• The People's Republic of China was founded on 1 October 1949.
• It was established after the victory of the Communist Party in the Chinese Civil War.
• Mao Zedong announced its foundation in Beijing.
• This marked the end of the Republic of China government on the mainland.
• Beijing was declared the capital of the new state.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• The first diwan of Urdu ghazals is attributed to Sultan Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah.
• He was one of the earliest poets of the Urdu language.
• He ruled the Qutb Shahi dynasty in Golconda (Deccan).
• He lived during 1565–1611 AD.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

Explanation

• Hiba Khatoon (Habba Khatoon) was a famous Kashmiri poetess.
• Her real name was Zoon (Zooni) before marriage.
• She is also known as the “Nightingale of Kashmir”.
• Her poetry mainly expresses love and sorrow.
• She lived during the 16th century in Kashmir.
• She was associated with the era of King Yousuf Shah Chak.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

Pakistan is divided into 6 major physical regions based on relief and landforms.

1. Northern & Western Mountains (Karakoram, Himalaya, Hindu Kush, Sulaiman, Kirthar)
2. Indus Plains (Upper Punjab Plain, Lower Sindh Plain)
3. Balochistan Plateau (Dry mountainous and arid region)
4. Potwar Plateau & Salt Range (Eroded plateau with rock salt deposits)
5. Desert Areas (Thar, Cholistan, Thal deserts)
6. Indus Delta & Coastal Strip (Mangroves, Arabian Sea coast, Makran coast)

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• Shahrah-e-Resham (Karakoram Highway) connects Pakistan and China through Khunjerab Pass.
• It is the highest paved international road in the world.
• It links Hassan Abdal (Pakistan) with Kashgar (China).
• It passes through the Karakoram mountain range.
• It is a symbol of strong Pakistan–China friendship.

Additional information:

• The highway is also known as the Karakoram Highway (N-35).
• It was completed in 1979.
• Its total length is about 1,300 km.
• It is often called the “Eighth Wonder of the World” due to its difficult terrain.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• Laws provide security and protection to people in a society.
• Laws maintain peace, justice, and order in the country.
• They protect the rights of citizens and punish criminals.
• Every state creates laws for public safety and welfare.
• Without laws, society can face disorder and insecurity.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• The fire tragedy at Al-Aqsa Mosque occurred on 21 August 1969.
• An Australian extremist, Denis Michael Rohan, set fire to parts of the mosque.
• The famous historic pulpit of صلاح الدین ایوبی was destroyed in the fire.
• This event also contributed to the formation of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation in 1969.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• The Islamic Revolution in Iran took place in 1979.
• It overthrew the rule of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
• The revolution was led by Ruhollah Khomeini.
• It is also called the Iranian Revolution of 1979.

Additional information:

• Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi left Iran on 16 January 1979.
• Ayatollah Khomeini returned to Iran on 1 February 1979.
• The monarchy officially ended on 11 February 1979.
• Iran became an Islamic Republic after a referendum on 1 April 1979.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• Mud Dahani is considered the writer of the first book on Balochi literature.
• He played an important role in preserving and promoting Balochi language and poetry.
• Balochi literature mainly developed through folk poetry and oral traditions.

Last verified on 17-05-2026