Explanation

• Battle of Yarmouk: Fought between the Byzantine Empire and Muslim forces under Khalid bin Waleed.

• Dates: August 15 to August 20, 636 AD.

• Location: Near the Yarmouk River.

• Caliphate: During the reign of Hazrat Umar (RA).

• Result: Decisive victory for the Muslims, marking the end of Byzantine rule in Syria.

Last updated by NA on 05-11-2026

Explanation

• A colon (:) is used to introduce a list of names, items, or particulars.
• Example: Three subjects are compulsory: English, Mathematics, and General Knowledge.

Additional information:

• A comma (,) separates items within a sentence or list.
• A hyphen (-) joins words or word parts, as in well-known.

Last verified on 28-10-2026

Explanation

NOTE: Length: Old – 1,046 km, New – 1,058 km (both accepted in MCQs)

• Divisions: Sindh Coast – 270 km, Makran Coast – 720 km
• Major Location: Most of the coastline is in Balochistan
• Geographical Areas: Gwadar, Lasbela, Karachi, Thatta Coast
• Borders: Thatta Coast from Korangi Creek to Sir Creek; Rann of Kutch from Badin to Tharparkar

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

• An adverse balance of payments occurs when a country's total payments to other countries exceed its total receipts from them over a given period.
• Heavy government expenditure abroad can increase Pakistan's foreign exchange outflows and contribute to a balance-of-payments deficit.
• Other contributing factors may include high imports, low exports, foreign debt repayments, and limited foreign investment.

Last verified on 13-10-2026

Explanation

President Ayub Khan promulgated the Constitution of 1962 on 1 March 1962

It finally came into effect on 8 June 1962

In 1962 constitution:

• The presidential government system was introduced 
• Urdu and Bengali was Declared as the Official Language 

Iskandar Ali Mirza, the first president of Pakistan abrogated the constitution of 1956 

Ayoub Khan was made chief of martial law after this abrogation

Ayoub Khan enforced the new constitution on 8th June 1962

Yahiya Khan abrogated the 1962 constitution and became CMLA

Explanation

• UNO Headquarters: Manhattan, New York City.

Additional information:

• UNO Stands for: United Nations Organization
• Founded: 24 October 1945 (after World War II 1939–1945)
• Member States: 193 countries
• Official Languages (6): Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish
• Motto: “It’s your world!” (commonly used awareness slogan)
• Pakistan Joined UNO: 30 September 1947

Last verified on 10-06-2026

Explanation

• Al-Biruni came to India with Mahmud of Ghazni (Mahmud Ghaznavi)
• Age during Indian journeys: About 44 years
• Full Name: Abu Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni
• Served: At the court of Mahmud of Ghazni
• Famous work: Kitab al-Hind

Explanation

• Name: Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus)
• Top speed: ~109–120 km/h
• Acceleration: Can go 0 to 100 km/h in just a few seconds
• Habitat: Africa & parts of Iran
• Type: Carnivorous mammal

Additional information:

• The three-toed sloth is widely recognized as the slowest mammal on Earth.

Last verified on 23-06-2026

Explanation

• Europe is the only continent without a desert.
• It has a temperate climate with sufficient rainfall.

Additional information:

• Divided by the Ural Mountains
• Second-smallest continent
• Covers 2% of Earth’s surface
• Area: 10.18 million km²

Last verified on 16-01-2026

Explanation

• Capital: Beijing
• Currency: Chinese Yuan (Renminbi)
• Official Language: Mandarin Chinese
• Continent: Asia
• Parliament: National People’s Congress (NPC)
• National Sport/Game: Table Tennis
• Religion: No official state religion

Last updated: NA on 26-09-2026