Explanation

• The ozone layer acts as Earth’s natural sunscreen, protecting life from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
• UV radiation can cause skin cancer, eye damage, and harm to plants and animals.

Additional information:

• Chemical Formula: O₃ (three oxygen atoms)
• Layer Location: Stratosphere, 15–40 km above Earth
• Function: Absorbs UV-B and UV-C rays from the Sun
• Depletion Causes: Air pollution, CFCs, industrial chemicals
• Protection Measures: Reduce CFC use, ozone-friendly products

Last verified on 09-03-2026

Explanation

• NIC stands for Network Interface Card.
  • It connects a computer to a network or internet.
  • It can be wired (Ethernet) or wireless (Wi-Fi).
  • Every NIC has a unique MAC address.
  • It enables data communication between devices.

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

A flowchart is a graphical representation of a program or algorithm using symbols to show the flow of control.

It helps visualize logic and the sequence of operations before actual coding.

Explanation

Constitution of 1956 · Pakistan was declared as the Islamic Republic

while

Both Urdu and Bengali were declared as official and national languages of Pakistan in the 1956 constitution

All important questions of  "the 1956 constitution"

1956 constitution is promulgated on 23 March 1956

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Iskander Mirza abrogated the 1956 constitution

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In 1956 the designation of Governor General changed to President

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40 years was the age prescribed for president in the 1956 constitution

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The Constitution of 1956 contained 234 articles divided into thirteen parts and six schedules

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The constitution of 1956 remained implemented for 2 years 6 months and 14 days.

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The constitution of 1956 provided a Parliamentary form of government for the country.

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1956 constitution legislature was Unicameral

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The Constitution of 1956 provided for a federal system with the principle of parity between East Pakistan and West Pakistan

ND16-1-2023

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nd9-2-2023

ND 12-2-2023

SH26-8-2023

Explanation

The five major crops in Pakistan are:

1. Cotton
2. Wheat
3. Rice
4. Sugarcane
5. Maize

Cotton is the most important cash crop.

It followed by rice, which is the second main staple food crop and a major export commodity.

Cash crop means نقدی فصل

Explanation

Explanation

The main electronic component used in first-generation counterparts was Vacuum Tubes and Valves.

Leo is called the first-generation computer.

The five generations of computers:

1. First Generation (1946-1959 or 1940-1956): Vacuum tube-based technology (e.g., ENIAC).
2. Second Generation (1959-1965 or 1956-1963): Transistor-based technology.
3. Third Generation (1965-1971 or 1964-1971): Integrated circuit-based technology.
4. Fourth Generation (1972-1980): VLSI microprocessor-based technology.
5. Fifth Generation (1980-present): ULSI microprocessor-based technology, with a focus on artificial intelligence.

Explanation

CDMA is a wireless communication technology that allows multiple signals to occupy a single transmission channel using unique codes.

It improves efficiency and security in mobile networks.

Explanation

Computer Monitor is also called VDU.

VDU (Visual Display Unit) refers to devices like monitors or screens that display output from a computer.

It is an essential part of the user interface in computing.

Explanation

PIN is a short for a personal identification number.

The PIN is a set of personal numbers used to prove positive identification.

It is often used with automated bank teller machines, telephone calling cards, and accessing wireless networks.