Explanation

• The Indus Waters Treaty was signed on September 19, 1960, in Karachi.
• It was signed between Pakistan (President Ayub Khan) and India (Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru).
• It was brokered by the World Bank.

It became effective on April 1, 1960.

• Western Rivers (given to Pakistan): Indus, Jhelum, Chenab
• Eastern Rivers (given to India): Ravi, Beas, Sutlej

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

• Mast Tawakali (1817–1892) was a prominent Sufi poet of Balochistan.
• He was dedicated to the poor and often opposed the oppressive feudal system.
• Contemporary of Khwaja Farid and Mian Muhammad Bakhsh, he also wrote resistance poetry against colonial powers.

Last verified on 03-04-2026

Explanation

• Qutb Uddin Aibak was a slave and general of Muhammad Ghauri.
• Later becoming the first ruler of the Delhi Sultanate.
• After Ghauri's assassination in 1206, Aibak declared himself Sultan of Delhi and established the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty.

Last verified on 03-04-2026

Explanation

• Muhammad Bin Qasim was the close relative/nephew of Hajjaj bin Yusuf.
• He was the son-in-law of Hajjaj bin Yousuf.
• Because of him, he was appointed the governor of Persia.
• Hajjaj ibn Yusuf was the governor of the Umayyad Caliphate from 692–694.

Additional information:

• Muhammad ibn Qasim led the Muslim conquest of Sindh.
• From Raja Dahir in the battle of Aror.
• He was the first Muslim to have successfully captured Hindu territories.
• He initiated the early Islamic India in 712 AD.

Last verified on 03-04-2026

Explanation

• The Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the First War of Independence.
• It was began on May 10, 1857, at Meerut as a sepoy mutiny.

Last verified on 03-04-2026

Explanation

• The Partition of Bengal, implemented in 1905 by Lord Curzon.
• It was formally annulled in 1911. 
• He divided Bengal into two provinces on 16-10-1905.

The province was divided into:

• West Bengal, which had a majority of Hindus,
• East Bengal, which had a majority of Muslims

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

• The first Prime Minister of Pakistan was Liaquat Ali Khan
• Tenure: 15-08-1947 to 16-10-1951.
• Party: Pakistan Muslim League.
• Secretary of the All-India Muslim League in 1936
• 1st Minister of Defence from 15 August 1947 – 16 October 1951
• 1st Minister of Foreign Affairs from 15 August 1947 – 27 December 1949
• Born: 1 October 1895 Karnal, Punjab, India
• Died 16 October 1951 (aged 56) Rawalpindi
• Manner of death : Assassination

**

Last updated on 09-03-2026

Explanation

Objectives Resolution (قراردادِ مقاصد)

• Adopted: 12 March 1949

• Adopting Body: Constituent Assembly of Pakistan

• Presented By: Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan

• Date of Presentation: 7 March 1949

• Total Members of Assembly: 75

• Members Supporting the Resolution: 21

• Minority Members: 10

• All amendments proposed by minority members were rejected.

• As a result, all 10 minority members voted against the resolution.

Last Updated on 12-01-2026

Explanation

• The Khilafat Movement came to an end in 1924 when Mustafa Kemal Atatürk abolished the Ottoman Caliphate.
• The movement started in 1919.
• It was led by Indian Muslim leaders like Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar and Maulana Shaukat Ali to protect the Caliphate.

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

• The Indian Councils Act 1909, also called the Morley-Minto Reforms, introduced separate electorates for Muslims.

Additional information:

• Date of introduction: 12 March 1909
• Total members in Central Legislative Council: 60
• Muslim reserved seats: 5
• 27 members were to be elected from different constituencies.
• Nehru Report (28 August 1928) rejected the demand for separate electorate.

Last verified on 01-04-2026