Explanation

• Mitochondria are called the powerhouse of the cell.
• Because they produce Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP).
• ATP is the energy currency of the cell.
• ATP provides energy for different cellular activities such as movement, growth, and transport.
• Energy is produced through aerobic cellular respiration using oxygen and الغذائی molecules.
• They are found in the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells.
• Richard Altmann first described mitochondria in 1890.

Main Parts of a Cell:

1. Cell membrane → Outer protective layer
2. Nucleus → Controls cell activities
3. Cytoplasm → Jelly-like material between membrane and nucleus

Last verified on 09-05-2026

Explanation

• Programmed cell death is known as apoptosis.
• It is a controlled process that allows the body to eliminate damaged or unnecessary cells without causing inflammation.

Last verified on 11-02-2026

Explanation

• Germ Theory of Disease states that microorganisms (germs) cause diseases.
• Proposed by Louis Pasteur (1822–1895), a French scientist.
• This theory revolutionized medicine, leading to vaccines and sterilization methods.

Additional information:

• Robert Koch later developed techniques to identify specific germs for specific diseases.

Last verified on 29-01-2026

Explanation

Bewildered means پریشان

Confused means پریشان

Explanation

Vivid means روشن

Bright means روشن

Explanation

Hypothalamus is responsible for temperature regulation.

It helps maintain the body's internal temperature by triggering responses like sweating or shivering.

Explanation

With is a preposition here.

Trembling with cold means سردی سے کانپنا

"My brother was trembling with cold."

We use with here to show the cause or reason for the trembling.

Explanation

"They are planning to take their guests out to dinner tonight."

وہ آج رات اپنے مہمانوں کو باہر کھانے پر لے جانے کا منصوبہ بنا رہے ہیں۔

This phrase correctly indicates that they intend to accompany their guests to a dinner event.

Explanation

Obstruction of the circumflex artery leads to a Posterior wall myocardial infarction (MI).

The circumflex artery supplies the lateral and posterior parts of the left ventricle, so its blockage affects the posterior wall of the heart.

Explanation

Subjective data would include the client’s perception of pain.

This type of data is based on the client's personal experiences and feelings, which are reported directly by them.