Explanation

NPT: Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty

Four countries are not parties to the NPT: 

1. India (never joined)
2. Israel (never joined)
3. Pakistan (never joined)
4. South Sudan (never joined)
5. North Korea joined in 1985 but announced its withdrawal in 2003

Additional information:

• Signed: 1 July 1968
• Effective: 5 March 1970
• Signing Locations: Moscow, London & Washington, D.C.
• Parties: 191 (UN count)

Last updated NS on 13-09-2026

Explanation

• The World Bank provides long-term loans and financial assistance for development projects in developing countries.
• It is headquartered in Washington, D.C., USA.
• It was established in 1944 at the Bretton Woods Conference.
• Its major institutions include the IBRD and IDA.

Last verified on 13-09-2026

Explanation

• CTBT stands for Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty.
• It's a multilateral treaty to ban nuclear weapons test explosions for both civilian and military purposes
• Signed: 24 September 1996
• Its headquarters in Vienna, Austria.

Languages (6):

1. Arabic
2. Chinese
3. English
4. French
5. Russian
6. Spanish

The three countries that have not signed the CTBT are:

1. India
2. North Korea
3. Pakistan

These countries are also among the eight Annex 2 states that have not ratified the treaty.

The United States was the first nation to sign the treaty.

• Signatories: 187
• Ratifiers: 178

Last verified on 09-09-2026

Explanation

• The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has received the Nobel Peace Prize three times.
• It won in 1917, 1944, and 1963.
• The ICRC is a humanitarian organization based in Geneva, Switzerland.
• It works to protect and assist victims of armed conflict.

Last verified on 07-09-2026

Explanation

• NATO is a political and military alliance of countries from Europe and North America.
• NATO stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
• NATO was established on 4 April 1949.
• Its headquarters is in Brussels, Belgium.

Last verified on 06-09-2026