Explanation

• Signed date: 19 September 1960
• Brokered by: World Bank

Pakistan got the Western Rivers:

1. Indus
2. Jhelum
3. Chenab

India got the Eastern Rivers:

1. Ravi
2. Beas
3. Sutlej

Signatories:

• Field Marshal Ayub Khan (Pakistan)
• Jawaharlal Nehru (India)

Place of signing: Karachi

Effective from: 1 April 1960 (implementation period)

Last verified on 04-05-2026

Explanation

• Pakistan (2017): 261 persons/km²
• 1998 census: around 166 persons/km²
• Highest density: Punjab province
• Lowest density: Balochistan province
• Urban areas: much higher than rural areas

Last verified on 04-05-2026

Explanation

• The separation of East Pakistan was finalized in 1971.
• The key event that accelerated this process was armed conflict between East and West Pakistan.
• The war created a rapid political and military breakdown.
• It led to the creation of an independent state of Bangladesh.

Last verified on 04-05-2026

Explanation

• East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) separated in 1971.
• The main reason was lack of political representation and inequality.
• Economic and administrative discrimination increased tensions.

Last verified on 04-05-2026

Explanation

• Pakistani society is made up of many cultures, languages, and traditions.
• Despite diversity, people share common values and national identity.
• This unity in diversity is a key feature of Pakistan.
• Different provinces contribute to rich cultural heritage.

Last verified on 04-05-2026