Explanation

• Sulphur dioxide (SO₂) is used as a dechlorinating agent to remove residual chlorine from water.
• It reacts with chlorine and reduces it to chloride ions, thereby neutralizing its disinfecting effect.
• Dechlorination is commonly required when excess chlorine must be removed from treated water or wastewater.

Last verified on 17-10-2026

Explanation

• Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
• Proteins are formed when amino acids join together by peptide bonds.
• Proteins are essential for growth, repair, and body functions.
• There are 20 standard amino acids used to make proteins.

Verified & Updated

Explanation

• Sublimation is the process in which a solid directly changes into a gas without passing through a liquid phase.
• This endothermic phase transition
• Occurs when a substance absorbs enough energy to overcome intermolecular forces.
• Deposition: Gas to Solid (the reverse process).
• Examples: Dry ice, iodine, frost/snow.

Explanation

• An ionic bond forms when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
• Ionic bond: Formed by electron transfer, e.g., sodium chloride (NaCl).

Additional information:

• Covalent bond: Formed when atoms share electron pairs, e.g., water (H₂O).
• Metallic bonding: Positive metal ions are held together by attraction to delocalized electrons.
• Coordinate (dative) bond: A covalent bond in which both shared electrons are donated by one atom.

Last verified on 15-10-2026

Explanation

• An atom is the smallest possible particle of an element that can combine to form new compounds.
• Atoms are the building blocks of matter, and they cannot be broken down into smaller particles.

Last verified on 15-03-2026