Explanation

Explanation

The Ottoman Caliphate in World War I

• Joined the Central Powers.
• Allied with Germany in August 1914.
• Entered the war in October 1914.
• Declared Jihad against the Entente in November 1914.
• Defeated in 1918, the empire collapsed.
• Republic of Turkey was established in 1923.

Explanation

• In World War I (1914), Turkey (then the Ottoman Empire) sided with the Central Powers

Additional information:

• World War I lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.
• It was a global war originating in Europe.
• Chlorine gas was first used during World War I at Ypres in April 1915.
• After World War I, the influenza pandemic occurred in 1918.
• During World War I, Russia signed the Peace Treaty with Germany in 1917.

Last updated by NS on 06-09-2026​

Explanation

• The Truman Doctrine was announced by U.S. President Harry S. Truman on March 12, 1947.
• Its main purpose was to contain the spread of communism, especially in Greece and Turkey.
• It marked the beginning of the U.S. policy of containment during the Cold War.

Last verified on 06-09-2026

Explanation

• Cold War was a period of political and military tension after World War II.
• Main rivalry: United States (USA) vs. Soviet Union (USSR).
• It lasted roughly from 1947 to 1991.
• Conflict involved arms race, space race, and ideological competition.

Last verified on 07-02-2026