Explanation

• The Silk Letter Movement was started by Mahmud Hasan Deobandi and Ubaidullah Sindhi.
• It began around 1913 as a secret movement against British rule.
• Messages were written on silk cloth to avoid detection.
• The aim was to gain foreign support (Afghanistan, Turkey).
• It continued until 1920 but was later exposed by the British.

Last verified on 30-04-2026

Explanation

• The plains of the Indus River are very fertile and extensive.
• They cover about 20% of Pakistan’s total land area.
• The Indus River is approximately 2900 km long.
• These plains are important for agriculture and population settlement.
• They form the backbone of Pakistan’s irrigation system.

Last verified on 29-04-2026

Explanation

• Pakistan has more than 780,000 hectares of wetlands.
• Wetlands include lakes, marshes, and river areas.
• They are important for biodiversity and migration of birds.
• Major wetlands are found in Sindh, Punjab, and coastal areas.

Last verified on 29-04-2026

Explanation

• The Haji Shariatullah started the Faraizi Movement in 1818.
• It was a religious and social reform movement in Bengal.
• The aim was to encourage Muslims to strictly follow Islamic duties (Faraiz).
• He was called Ustad (teacher) by his followers.
• After Haji Shariatullah, his son Dudu Miyan continued the movement.

Last verified on 29-04-2026

Explanation

• More than 36% of Pakistan’s forests are coniferous and scrub forests.
• These forests are mostly found in northern and hilly areas.
• Coniferous forests include pine, deodar, and fir trees.
• Scrub forests grow in dry and semi-arid regions.

Additional information:

• Riverine forests → ~7%
• Mangrove forests → ~7%
• Irrigated plantations → ~10%

Last verified on 29-04-2026