Explanation

• Rivers: Chenab + Jhelum
• Location: Jhang District, Punjab
• Type: Barrage (Headworks)
• Built during: British colonial period (1937-1939)
• Purpose: Flood control + irrigation

Last verified on 09-06-2026

Explanation

There are three major barrages in Sindh.

1. Guddu Barrage – Foundation laid on 2 February 1957
2. Kotri Barrage – Completed in 1955
3. Sukkur Barrage – Built 1923–1932 (British era, also called Lloyd Barrage)

These barrages are built on the Indus River.

Additional information:

• Sindh is known as Bab-ul-Islam.
• It has 30 districts and 6 divisions.
• Kirthar Range is the main mountain range in Sindh.

Last verified on 26-04-2026

Explanation

• Eugene R. Black (President of the World Bank) brokered the Indus Waters Treaty on behalf of the World Bank.
• It was signed on September 19, 1960, in Karachi.
• It was signed between Pakistan (President Ayub Khan) and India (Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru).

It became effective on April 1, 1960.

• Western Rivers (given to Pakistan): Indus, Jhelum, Chenab
• Eastern Rivers (given to India): Ravi, Beas, Sutlej

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

• Under the Indus Waters Treaty (1960), India is allowed to irrigate up to 1.34 million acres from the Western Rivers.
• Western Rivers: Indus, Jhelum, Chenab
• Mediator: World Bank
• Eastern Rivers (Ravi, Beas, Sutlej) are allocated to India.

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

• The Indus Delta mangrove forests are globally significant because they are the largest mangroves in an arid (dry) climate zone in the world.
• They are located along the coast of Sindh, Pakistan in the Indus River Delta.
• They survive in extremely low rainfall and high salinity conditions.
• They support marine biodiversity and coastal protection.

Last verified on 14-06-2026