Explanation

• Baghdad, the capital of Iraq,
• Founder: Caliph Abu Jafar al-Mansur
• Date: Construction began in 762 CE (145 AH).

Additional information

• Iraq, formerly known as Mesopotamia 
• Official languages: Arabic and Kurdish
• Currency is Iraqi Dinar.
• It is located in the continent of Asia.
• Primary Religion is Islam.

• Establishment

  • Independence declared: 3 October 1932

  • Republic declared: 14 July 1958

  • Current constitution: 15 October 2005

  
  

  Last updated question by NS on 2 MAY 2026

Explanation

• The term Geography was first used by the Greek scholar Eratosthenes.
• He lived in the 3rd century BC (around 276–194 BC).
• He is also known as the “Father of Geography”.
• He calculated the circumference of the Earth with remarkable accuracy.
• His work laid the foundation of modern geographical studies.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• The famous book "Al-Qanun" (The Canon of Medicine) was written by Abu Ali Sina.
• It is also known as Avicenna. 
• The book covers medicine, diseases, and treatments.

Last verified on 27-04-2026

Explanation

• The conqueror of Spain was Tariq ibn Ziyad.
• He led the Muslim army in 711 AD and began the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula.
• He defeated the Visigothic ruler King Roderic at the Battle of Guadalete.
• His landing place is famously known as Jabal al-Tariq (Gibraltar).

Last verified on 25-04-2026

Explanation

• Jabir ibn Hayyan, known as the "father of chemistry."
• He was an Arab Chemist.
• Composition of Alchemy was written by Jabir Bin Hayyan.

Notable ideas:

• Use of organic substances in chemistry
• Sulfur-mercury theory of metals
• Science of the balance
• Science of artificial generation

Last verified on 07-02-2026