Explanation

• First Caliph: Hazrat Abu Bakr (June 8, 632 – August 23, 634)
• Second Caliph: Hazrat Umar (R.A.)
• Third Caliph: Hazrat Usman (R.A.)
• Fourth Caliph: Hazrat Ali (R.A.) (656–661 CE)

Sahabi who proposed Hazrat Abu Bakr for the Caliphate: Hazrat Umar (R.A.)

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

The Khilafat of Hazrat Ali (R.A) lasted approximately 4 years and 9 months,

From June 656 AD (Dhul-Hijjah 35 AH) to January 661 AD (Ramadan 40 AH).

He was the fourth and final of the Rashidun Caliphs.

Last updated question  18-02-2026

Explanation

Explanation

• The first Muslim navy was established during the Caliphate of Uthman ibn Affan under Muawiya (Governor of Syria).
• The navy was launched in the Mediterranean Sea to counter Byzantine naval dominance and protect the Syrian coastline.

Additional information:

• First major conquest: Cyprus, 649 AD
• Historic naval battle: Battle of the Masts (Dhat al-Sawari), 655 AD, against Byzantines
• Purpose: Protect Muslim territories and secure trade routes

Last verified on 28-01-2026

Explanation

During Caliph Abu Bakr’s (RA) time, judicial matters were mostly handled personally by the Caliph.

Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA) was later appointed to establish the formal office of Qadi, founding the Islamic judicial system.