Explanation

• Boiling point of water: 100°C
• Freezing point of water: 0°C
• Standard atmospheric pressure: 1 atm (760 mmHg)
• 0°C = 32°F
• 100°C = 212°F

Last verified on 06-07-2026

Explanation

• Zero error is a Systematic error because it causes a consistent error in every measurement.
• It occurs when an instrument does not read zero even when no quantity is being measured.
• The same error is repeated in all readings unless corrected.
• Zero error may be positive or negative.
• It can be corrected by applying a zero correction.

Last verified on 06-07-2026

Explanation

• Convex lenses are known as Converging lenses.
• Because they bring parallel light rays to a single focal point.
• A convex lens is thicker at the center and thinner at the edges.
• It forms real and inverted images when the object is beyond the focal length.
• It can also produce a virtual, erect, and magnified image when the object is placed within the focal length.

Additional information:

• Concave lens is also called a diverging lens.

Last verified on 11-03-2026

Explanation

• The magnitude of an earthquake is measured by the Richter scale.
• It measures the energy released by an earthquake.
• The Richter scale was developed in 1935 by Charles F. Richter.
• It is used in seismology (the study of earthquakes).

Last verified on 30-06-2026

Explanation

• The Sun is the ultimate and main source of energy on Earth.
• It provides energy through solar radiation (light and heat).
• All forms of energy on Earth directly or indirectly come from the Sun.
• It supports life, climate, and ecosystems on Earth.

This energy is then converted into various forms, such as:

• Thermal energy (heat)
• Kinetic energy (wind, water currents)
• Electrical energy (generated from solar panels)
• Chemical energy (fossil fuels, biomass)
• Biological energy (food chains, ecosystems)

Last verified on 16-06-2026