Explanation

• The term Geography was first used by the Greek scholar Eratosthenes.
• He lived in the 3rd century BC (around 276–194 BC).
• He is also known as the “Father of Geography”.
• He calculated the circumference of the Earth with remarkable accuracy.
• His work laid the foundation of modern geographical studies.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere, especially weather and climate.
• It involves forecasting and understanding atmospheric phenomena.
• Meteorology is a branch of the atmospheric sciences.
• Metrology is the scientific study of measurement.

Last verified on 03-04-2026

Explanation

• Ecology is the study of relationships between living organisms and their environment.
• It includes interactions among plants, animals, and surroundings.
• The term was introduced by Ernst Haeckel in 1866.
• It helps in understanding ecosystems and environmental balance.

Last verified on 25-04-2026

Explanation

• The world’s fastest bird is the Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)
• Reach speed of over 300 km/h (186 mph) during a hunting dive (called a stoop).

Additional information:

Fastest Running Bird: Ostrich (up to 43 mph). 

Last updated by NA on 25-April-2026

Explanation

• Washing soda is also known as sodium carbonate (Na2CO3).
• It is used to remove permanent hardness of water.
• Permanent hardness is caused by the presence of magnesium and calcium sulfates or chlorides in water, which cannot be removed by boiling.
• Washing soda helps to precipitate these minerals, making the water softer.

Last verified on 23-04-2026