Explanation

• Article: 7
• Constitution: 1973 Constitution of Pakistan
• Topic: Definition of “State”
• Includes: Federal + Provincial + Local authorities
• Importance: Used in Fundamental Rights enforcement

Last verified on 14-06-2026

Explanation

• Article: 239
• Constitution: 1973 Constitution of Pakistan
• Topic: Constitutional amendment procedure
• Requirement: Two-thirds majority in Parliament
• Purpose: Legal process for constitutional changes

Last verified on 14-06-2026

Explanation

• The National Finance Commission (NFC) Award is constituted under Article 160 of the Constitution of Pakistan.
• Article 160 deals with the distribution of financial resources between the Federation and Provinces.
• The President constitutes the NFC after intervals as required.

Additional information:

• The first NFC Award was announced in 1974.
• The 7th NFC Award (2010) is a major milestone.
• Because it increased the provincial share in divisible pool taxes.

Last verified on 14-06-2026

Explanation

• Article 19 of the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan guarantees freedom of speech and expression.
• It gives citizens the right to express opinions and share information.
• However, this freedom is subject to reasonable restrictions under law.
• The Constitution of Pakistan was enforced on 14 August 1973.

Additional information:

• The 1973 Constitution was framed under the leadership of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.
• Pakistan’s Constitution declares Islam as the state religion under Article 2.

Last verified on 13-05-2026

Explanation

• Article 36 of the Constitution of Pakistan deals with the protection of minorities.
• It states that the State shall safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of minorities.
• It is included in Chapter 2 (Principles of Policy) of the Constitution.

Additional information:

• Article 20 → Freedom to profess religion and manage religious institutions
• Article 22 → Safeguards in educational institutions regarding religion
• Article 25 → Equality of citizens before law

Last verified on 14-06-2026