Explanation

• "Jinnah of Pakistan" was written by Stanley Wolpert.
• It was published in 1984.
• The book is a famous biography of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, covering his public and private life.
• It describes Jinnah’s journey from his birth in 1876 to his death in 1948.
• Stanley Wolpert was an American historian known for his works on South Asian history.

Last verified on 20-06-2026

Explanation

• Shahrah-e-Resham (Karakoram Highway) connects Pakistan and China through Khunjerab Pass.
• It is the highest paved international road in the world.
• It links Hassan Abdal (Pakistan) with Kashgar (China).
• It passes through the Karakoram mountain range.
• It is a symbol of strong Pakistan–China friendship.

Additional information:

• The highway is also known as the Karakoram Highway (N-35).
• It was completed in 1979.
• Its total length is about 1,300 km.
• It is often called the “Eighth Wonder of the World” due to its difficult terrain.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• The Indus Waters Treaty was signed on September 19, 1960, in Karachi.
• It was signed between Pakistan (President Ayub Khan) and India (Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru).
• It was brokered by the World Bank.

It became effective on April 1, 1960.

• Western Rivers (given to Pakistan): Indus, Jhelum, Chenab
• Eastern Rivers (given to India): Ravi, Beas, Sutlej

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

• Muawiya I (RA) became the first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate.
• He assumed power after the period of Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA).
• Umayyad rule: 661 – 750 AD
• First Caliph: Muawiya I (661–680 AD)
• Last Caliph: Marwan II (744–750 AD)
• Birth: 602 AD (Mecca)
• Death: 680 AD (Damascus

Last verified on 27-04-2026

Explanation

• Nefarious means برا ۔ کھوٹا ۔ فاسد ۔ حرام ۔ ناجائز
• Wicked means برا ۔ کھوٹا ۔ فاسد ۔ حرام ۔ ناجائز
• Evil means برائی

Last verified on 11-06-2026

Explanation

• Habsha is the historic name for Ethiopia.
• It is located in the Horn of Africa.
• The Migration to Abyssinia, also known as the First Hegira.

Last verified on 19-03-2026

Explanation

• Ornithology is the branch of zoology that deals with the study of birds.
• It includes bird behavior, classification, and migration patterns.
• Scientists who study birds are called ornithologists.

Last verified on 10-06-2026

Explanation

• First Introduced: 1933 by Chaudhary Rahmat Ali.
• Pamphlet: Titled "Now or Never" meaning Are We to Live or Perish Forever?

Additional information:

• First Use of Pakistan: Word appeared for the first time in this pamphlet.
• Based On: Two-nation theory of Syed Ahmed Khan.

Regions Represented (Pakistan):

1. Punjab
2. Afghanistan
3. Kashmir
4. Sindh
5. Baluchistan

Last verified on 24-03-2026

Explanation

• Hayat-e-Javed is a biography written by Altaf Hussain Hali.
• It is about the life of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan.
• The book highlights his reforms and educational services.
• It was first published in 1902.

Last verified on 06-06-2026

Explanation