Explanation

• Modem: Modulator-Demodulator.
• Converts digital signals into analog signals for transmission over traditional telephone lines.
• Converts analog signals back into digital signals at the receiving end.

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026 

Explanation

• Half-duplex: Communication can occur in both directions, but not at the same time.
• Example: Walkie-talkie (one person speaks at a time).

Additional information:

• Telephone: Full-duplex — both users can speak simultaneously.
• Radio broadcasting: Simplex — one-way communication.
• Television: Simplex — one-way communication.

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026 

Explanation

• In MS Word, the background color or effect applied to a document is not visible in Print Preview.

Additional information 

• Web Layout: Shows how a document appears as a webpage.
• Draft View: Displays text for quick editing; page layout elements may not be shown.
• Read Mode: Optimizes the document for comfortable reading.

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026 

Explanation

• Access Toolbar: Quick access to frequently used commands.
• Usually contains Save, Undo, and Redo.

Additional information:

• Standard Toolbar: Contains common commands such as New, Open, Save, and Print.
• Formatting Toolbar: Contains text formatting options such as font, size, bold, and alignment.

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026 

Explanation

• Start a presentation from the beginning: F5
• Start a presentation from the current slide: Shift + F5

Last verified on 01-09-2026

Explanation

• Win + Home minimizes all inactive windows while keeping the active window open.
• Win + D shows the desktop by minimizing or hiding all windows; pressing it again restores them.

Additional information:

• Windows logo key + Shift + Up arrow: Stretch the desktop window to the top and bottom of the screen.

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026 

Explanation

The menu or tab used to change the font and style is the Home tab.

• MS Word manual font size (1-1638)
• Excel: 8-72(1-409)
• PowerPoint: 8-96(1-3600)

Last updated 27-07-2026 by NA

Explanation

• Shift + Delete: Permanently deletes the selected file without sending it to the Recycle Bin.
• Ctrl + Shift + Delete: Opens the Clear browsing data option in most web browsers.

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026 

Explanation

• The Taskbar provides access to the Start menu.
• It contains shortcuts to programs and running applications.
• It also provides access to system controls such as volume.

Additional information:

• Menu Bar: Contains commands and menus.
• Title Bar: Displays the title of the active window.

Last verified on 29-09-2026

Explanation

• Processor: Executes instructions.
• Scanner: Converts documents into digital images.
• Router: Connects networks.

Last updated on 26 Oct 2026