Explanation

• RAM (Random Access Memory) temporarily stores data and instructions that the CPU is currently processing.
• It is a volatile memory, meaning it loses data when the computer is turned off.

Last verified on 15-02-2026

Explanation

• Secondary storage is used to store data permanently or for long-term use.
• Examples include Flash Drives, Floppy Disks, and Optical Disks.
• RAM (Random Access Memory) is primary memory.
• It is used for temporary storage while the computer is running.
• Therefore, RAM is not considered secondary storage.

Last verified on 11-03-2026

Explanation

• A hardcopy output device produces physical copies of data or information.
  • Printer converts digital documents into paper copies.
  • Examples: Plotter, Photocopier, Fax machine, Braille printer

Additional information:

Softcopy vs Hardcopy:

• Softcopy: Screen display, audio (Monitor, Speaker)
• Hardcopy: Physical form (Paper, Card, etc.)

Printers can be inkjet, laser, or dot-matrix.

Last verified on 09-03-2026

Explanation

Virtual memory is a memory management technique

Used by operating systems (OS)

That extends a computer’s physical RAM by temporarily transferring data to disk storage.

Last updated 15-feb-2026

Explanation

Explanation

• The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of the computer.
• It performs all calculations, executes instructions, and controls other components.

Additional information:

• First commercial CPU: Intel 4004 (1971)
• Invented by: Italian physicist Federico Faggin
• CPU Examples: Clock speeds – 3.0 GHz, 3.5 GHz, 4.0 GHz, 4.5 GHz, 5.0 GHz

Last verified on 15-02-2026

Explanation

Errors from computer software are primarily identified and removed through debugging,

A systematic process of finding, analyzing, and fixing bugs.

For hardware, this process is known as troubleshooting or maintenance

Explanation

CPU speed is primarily measured in Hertz (Hz), and Gigahertz (GHz) for modern processors

The fundamental unit is Hertz (Hz), where 1 Hz = 1 cycle per second.

Modern Units: Most, if not all, modern processors use Gigahertz (GHz), where  1 GHz = 10^9 Hz (one billion cycles per second).

Context: It is often referred to as the "clock speed" or "clock rate" of the CPU.

Mbps measures internet speed.

Mbytes measure data size.

Last updated 15-feb-2026

Explanation

• Also Called: CPU (Central Processing Unit)
• Function: Performs all calculations, logical operations, and controls computer operations
• Location: Mounted on the motherboard, connected to memory and other components

Last verified on 08-02-2026

Explanation

A touch screen is both an input and output device (or an input/output device).

It is an electronic visual display—often an LCD, AMOLED, or OLED screen