LECTURER ECONOMICS PAST PAPER 15-03-2021
Lecturer Economics 5 years
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چار آپشن میں سے کسی ایک پر کلک کرنے سے جواب سرخ ہو جائے گا۔
اصل بجٹ خسارہ کس کے برابر ہوتا ہے؟
- Structural deficit minus the cyclical deficit
- Structural deficit
- Structural deficit plus the cyclical deficit
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- The actual budget deficit is the total government deficit in a given year.
- It has two main parts: structural and cyclical deficits.
- Structural deficit exists even at full employment.
- Cyclical deficit changes with the business cycle.
- Therefore, actual deficit = structural + cyclical deficit.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
مکمل مسابقتی ریسورس مارکیٹ میں معمولی آمدنی پروڈکٹ وکر کیسا ہوتا ہے؟
- Upward sloping
- Downward sloping
- Vertical
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- In a perfectly competitive resource (labour) market, firms are price takers.
- The Marginal Revenue Product (MRP) depends on MPL × price of output.
- As more labour is employed, marginal productivity typically falls.
- This makes MRP decline as employment increases.
- Therefore, the MRP curve is downward sloping.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
مندرجہ ذیل میں سے کون سا طریقہ پاکستان میں 1980 کی دہائی کے بعد استعمال نہیں کیا گیا؟
- A change in the regulations about banks’ reserve ratios
- Monetary base control
- Interest rate control
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Governments and central banks control money markets using different tools.
- These include reserve requirements, monetary base control, and interest rate policies.
- Since financial reforms in the 1980s, Pakistan shifted toward market-based policies.
- Direct interest rate control (fixed/administered rates) was largely discontinued.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
مندرجہ ذیل میں سے کون سا چیز پیسے کا کام نہیں ہے؟
- Barter
- Unit of account
- Medium of exchange
- Store of value
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Explanation
- Money performs important roles in an economy.
- It is used to buy and sell goods and services.
- It helps in measuring value of goods.
- It also helps in saving wealth over time.
- But barter is not a function of money; it is an old exchange system without money.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
جب طلب یا رسد مکمل طور پر ______ ہو تو سیلز ٹیکس کا سارا بوجھ فروخت کنندگان پر پڑتا ہے؟
- Elastic; elastic
- Elastic; inelastic
- Inelastic; elastic
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Tax burden depends on elasticity of demand and supply.
- More inelastic side bears more tax burden.
- If demand is perfectly elastic, buyers avoid the tax burden.
- If supply is perfectly inelastic, sellers cannot reduce quantity easily.
- In that case, sellers bear the entire tax burden.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
ریگریشن میں آر اسکوائر کس چیز کی پیمائش کرتا ہے؟
- The square of the determinant of R.
- Whether or not ESS=TSS.
- The goodness of fit of your regression line.
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- R² (R-squared) is a statistical measure in regression analysis.
- It shows how well the regression line fits the observed data.
- It represents the proportion of variation explained by the model.
- A higher R² means a better fit.
- It is called the goodness of fit measure.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
منی مارکیٹ میوچل فنڈز کس میں سرمایہ کاری کرتے ہیں؟
- Long-term Government securities
- Commercial real estate
- Highly liquid assets
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Money Market Mutual Funds (MMMFs) invest in short-term, safe financial instruments.
- Their main goal is liquidity and capital preservation.
- They avoid risky or long-term investments.
- They focus on easily convertible assets.
- Therefore, they invest in highly liquid assets.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
کاسٹ پش افراطِ زر کس وجہ سے شروع ہو سکتا ہے؟
- A decrease in the quantity of money
- An increase in oil prices
- An increase in Government purchases
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Cost-push inflation happens when production costs increase.
- Firms raise prices to maintain profit margins.
- This leads to a general rise in price level.
- Key causes include higher wages and input costs.
- A major trigger is an increase in oil prices.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
- On
- In
- At
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Prepositions are used to show time, place, or direction.
- “In” is used for months, years, seasons, and long periods.
- Summer is a season, so “in” is correct.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
جب کسی چیز کی طلب کم ہو جائے تو اس کی توازنی قیمت اور مقدار پر کیا اثر پڑتا ہے؟
- Rises; decreases
- Falls; decreases
- Falls; increases
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Demand shows consumers’ willingness to buy a good.
- When demand decreases, the demand curve shifts left.
- This reduces pressure on price in the market.
- Both price and quantity adjust to a new equilibrium.
- As a result, price falls and quantity decreases.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
