Explanation

Reorganization (2019):

The state of Jammu & Kashmir was reorganized and bifurcated into two Union Territories.

New Union Territories:

Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir (with a legislative assembly)

Union Territory of Ladakh (without a legislature)

Legal Basis:

Enacted by the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019, passed by the Indian Parliament.

Effective Date:

Came into effect on October 31, 2019.

Constitutional Change:

Included the revocation of Article 370 of the Indian Constitution, which had granted special autonomous status to the region.

Explanation

Duration: The armed conflict between Pakistan and India lasted four days, from May 7 to May 10, 2025.

Conclusion: Hostilities ended after a ceasefire agreement was reached.

Means of Agreement: Ceasefire was negotiated via hotline communication between the Directors General of Military Operations (DGMOs) of both countries.

Diplomatic Involvement: The United States contributed to diplomatic efforts to de-escalate the situation.

Explanation

The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi for discovering how the immune system decides what to attack or protect.

Additional Information: 

American Scientists Victor Ambros & Gary Ruvkun were awarded Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 2024

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Explanation

The United Nations has designated 2025 as the International Year of Peace and Trust to promote conflict prevention, mediation, and international cooperation.

The aim is to strengthen global peace, foster dialogue among nations, and support the UN’s commitment to maintaining international security and trust.

Explanation

Antonym means ضد

Synonym means مترادف

Explanation

Indolent means کام چور یا سست

Lazy means کام سے جی چرانے والا

Explanation

Explanation

Sagacious means سمجھداری

Wisdom means عقلمندی

Explanation

Dogmatic means ہٹ دھرم انسان، ایسا شخص جو اپنی رائے پر اڑا رئے، اپنی رائے رکھنے والا

Opinionated means اپنی رائے سے نہ ہٹنے والا

Explanation

The idiom "play it by ear" means to handle a situation spontaneously without a fixed plan or prior preparation.

It is often used when deciding how to proceed based on how the situation develops, rather than following a set plan.