Explanation

• Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have signed a landmark Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement.
• Signed on 17 September 2025.
• This agreement is being considered the most significant upgrade in Pakistan-Saudi defence relations in decades.
• Signed in Al-Yamamah palace Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
• Singed by Pakistani PM Shehbaz Sharif and Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman

Additional Information:

• This agreement comes in the wake of Israel’s strike on Qatari capital Doha on 9 September 2025.

 Last verified on 10-02-2026

Explanation

• Pakistani airstrikes on Afghanistan killed more than 80 terrorists on 22 February 2026.
• The strikes were carried out by the Pakistan Air Force.
• Pakistan targeted Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and Islamic State-Khorasan Province (ISKP)
• Nangarhar and Paktika were hit.

Last verified on 11-05-2026

Explanation

• Old rate: Rs 27 per unit
• New approved rate: Rs 10 per unit
• Reduction: Rs 17 per unit decrease
• Applicable: Only new solar net-metering users
• Policy decision year: Recent ECC revision (2025–2026 period)

Last verified on 10-05-2026

Explanation

• In April 2026, Pakistan hosted direct talks between the United States and Iran in Islamabad.
• These negotiations were commonly called the Islamabad Talks.
• Pakistan acted as a key mediator to reduce tensions and encourage peace negotiations between both countries.
• The talks were held at the Islamabad Serena Hotel on 11–12 April 2026.

Last verified on 10-05-2026

Explanation

• At the start of 2026, tensions between Pakistan and Afghanistan increased mainly due to border security concerns and militant activities.
• Pakistan faced challenges related to cross-border attacks, terrorism, and illegal border crossings along the Pak-Afghan border.

Additional information:

• The Durand Line is the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan.
• Pakistan-Afghanistan border length: approximately 2,640 km.

Last verified on 10-05-2026

Explanation

• The World Health Assembly adopted the WHO Pandemic Agreement
• Goal: To improve equitable access to vaccines, treatments, and response following lessons from COVID-19
• The agreement followed three years of negotiation, concluding in April 2025
• Venue: 78th World Health Assembly in Geneva
• Adoption Date: May 20, 2025.

Last updated question NS on 09 MAY 2026

Explanation

Mark Carney is the current & 24th prime minister of Canada.

He was appointed in March 2025.

He belongs to Liberal Party.

He replaced Justin Trudeau, who resigned in Jan 2025.

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Updated & verified on 04 May 2026

Explanation

• Mikhail Mishustin is the current Prime Minister of Russia since 16 January 2020.
• Note: Vladimir Putin is the current President of Russia. 
• 
  

Explanation

Duration: The armed conflict between Pakistan and India lasted four days, from May 7 to May 10, 2025.

Conclusion: Hostilities ended after a ceasefire agreement was reached.

Means of Agreement: Ceasefire was negotiated via hotline communication between the Directors General of Military Operations (DGMOs) of both countries.

Diplomatic Involvement: The United States contributed to diplomatic efforts to de-escalate the situation.

Explanation

The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi for discovering how the immune system decides what to attack or protect.

Additional Information: 

American Scientists Victor Ambros & Gary Ruvkun were awarded Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 2024

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