Explanation

• The Indus Waters Treaty was signed on September 19, 1960, in Karachi.
• It was signed between Pakistan (President Ayub Khan) and India (Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru).
• It was brokered by the World Bank.

It became effective on April 1, 1960.

• Western Rivers (given to Pakistan): Indus, Jhelum, Chenab
• Eastern Rivers (given to India): Ravi, Beas, Sutlej

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

Objectives Resolution (قراردادِ مقاصد)

• Adopted: 12 March 1949

• Adopting Body: Constituent Assembly of Pakistan

• Presented By: Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan

• Date of Presentation: 7 March 1949

Additional information:

• Total Members of Assembly: 75

• Members Supporting the Resolution: 21

• Minority Members: 10

• All amendments proposed by minority members were rejected.

• As a result, all 10 minority members voted against the resolution.

Last Updated on 12-01-2026

Explanation

• The Constitution of Pakistan 1973 guarantees fundamental rights to citizens.
• Article 10-A ensures the right to fair trial and due process.
• This article was added through the 18th Constitutional Amendment in 2010.
• It applies to both civil rights and criminal cases.
• It strengthens justice and protects individuals from unfair treatment.

Last verified on 11-05-2026

Explanation

• Simla Agreement was signed on 2 July 1972.
• It took place in Shimla, India.
• Signed between Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Indira Gandhi.
• It aimed to resolve issues after the 1971 war.
• Both countries agreed to settle disputes through bilateral talks.

Last verified on 29-04-2026

Explanation

• Elections to the Senate are held on the basis of a single transferable vote system.
• One-half of its members retire every three years.
• Senate elections take place in accordance with Article 59 of the Constitution. 
• • Type Upper house of the Parliament of Pakistan
  • Term limit: 6 years
  • Founded: 1973

• Leadership
• Chairman of the Senate of Pakistan: Yusuf Raza Gillani, PPPsince 9 April 2024
• Deputy Chairman of the Senate of Pakistan: Syedaal Khan Nasar, PMLNsince 9 April 2024
• Leader of the House in the Senate of Pakistan: Ishaq Dar, PMLNsince 9 April 2024
• Leader of the Opposition (Pakistan): Vacant since 5 August 2025

Last updated question NS on 10 MAY 2026

Explanation

• Length: Old – 1,046 km, New – 1,058 km (both accepted in MCQs)
• Divisions: Sindh Coast – 270 km, Makran Coast – 720 km
• Major Location: Most of the coastline is in Balochistan
• Geographical Areas: Gwadar, Lasbela, Karachi, Thatta Coast
• Borders: Thatta Coast from Korangi Creek to Sir Creek; Rann of Kutch from Badin to Tharparkar

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

• The demand for separate electorate was raised by the All-India Muslim League in 1906.
• First legal acceptance came in the Indian Councils Act 1909.
• This act is also known as the Morley-Minto Reforms.
• It was implemented on 12 March 1909.

Additional information:

• Introduced separate electorate for Muslims.
• Increased the size of Central and Provincial Legislative Councils.
• Central Council had about 60 total members (approx. structure).
• Around 27 members were elected under the reformed system.
• Provided reserved representation for Muslims through separate voting.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah joined
• The All India Muslim League joined in: 1913 until 1947
• Age: He was 37 years old.
• Indian National Congress in 1906 and left in 1920.

Additional information

The All India Muslim League was founded in 1906, with its first session held in Karachi in 1907.

In 1927, the League was divided over the issue of joint electorates.

Last updated on 06-March-2026

Explanation

• Date: 16 August 1946
• Location: Calcutta (now Kolkata), Bengal, British India
• Organizer: All India Muslim League
• Announced By: Muhammad Ali Jinnah
• Outcome: Large-scale communal riots and violence between Hindus and Muslims

Last verified on 02-02-2026

Explanation

• Pakistan hosted the 2nd Islamic Summit Conference of the OIC from 22–24 February 1974 in Lahore.
  • An Extraordinary OIC Summit was also held later in 1997 in Islamabad on Pakistan’s Golden Jubilee.

Additional information:

• 1st Summit: Rabat, Morocco – September 1969
• 3rd Summit: Makkah, Saudi Arabia – 25–28 January 1981

Last verified on 07-03-2026