Explanation

• Misaq-e-Madina is the first written constitution/treaty in Islamic history.
• It was made by Prophet Muhammad ﷺ in 622 CE (Hijrah year) in Madina.
• It established peace between Muslims, Jews, and other tribes.
• It is considered the first organized Islamic state agreement.

Last verified on 18-05-2026

Explanation

• The Nisab (minimum limit) for gold is 7.5 tola (87.48 grams).
• The ratio/nisab of Zakat is 2.5%.
• Zakat was made obligatory in 2 A.H.
• It was fully implemented in 8 A.H.

Additional information:

• Silver Nisab: 52.5 tola = 612.36 grams
• The word “Zakat” occurs 32 times in the Holy Quran.
• Zakat means purification and growth of wealth.
• “Zakat is the treasure of Islam” is a famous saying of the Holy Prophet (PBUH).

Last verified on 11-05-2026

Explanation

• Ijtihad is an important concept in Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh).
• It refers to using independent reasoning to derive Islamic rulings.
• It is used when clear guidance is not found in the Quran or Sunnah.
• Root word: J-H-D (effort / struggle).

Last verified on 09-05-2026

Explanation

• The Indus Waters Treaty was signed on September 19, 1960, in Karachi.
• It was signed between Pakistan (President Ayub Khan) and India (Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru).
• It was brokered by the World Bank.

It became effective on April 1, 1960.

• Western Rivers (given to Pakistan): Indus, Jhelum, Chenab
• Eastern Rivers (given to India): Ravi, Beas, Sutlej

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

Objectives Resolution (قراردادِ مقاصد)

• Adopted: 12 March 1949

• Adopting Body: Constituent Assembly of Pakistan

• Presented By: Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan

• Date of Presentation: 7 March 1949

Additional information:

• Total Members of Assembly: 75

• Members Supporting the Resolution: 21

• Minority Members: 10

• All amendments proposed by minority members were rejected.

• As a result, all 10 minority members voted against the resolution.

Last Updated on 12-01-2026

Explanation

• Charles Babbage is known as the Father of the Computer.
• He designed the more advanced Analytical Engine, which featured a "Mill" (CPU) and a "Store" (memory).

Additional information:

• He was an English polymath.
• Born: 26 December 1791 London, England
• Died: 18 October 1871 (aged 79) London, England

Last updated on 09-03-2026

Explanation

Division of Quranic Surahs:

• Total Surahs → 114
• Makki Surahs → 86
• Madani Surahs → 28
• Revealed over → 23 years
• Madani period → about 10 years

Madani Surahs usually have longer verses (Ayahs).

• They focus on laws, social system, and community life.
• The first complete Madani Surah is Surah Al-Baqarah.

List of 28 Madani Surah in Quran:

1. Al Baqarah سورہ البقرہ

2. Al e Imran سورہ آل عمران

3. An Naas سورہ النسائ

4. Al Maaeda سورہ المائدہ

5. An Faal سورہ الانفال

6. Towba سورہ التوبہ

7. Al Raad سورہ الرعد

8. Al Haj سورہ الحج

9. Al Noor سورہ النور

10. Al Ahzab سورہ الاحزاب

11. Muhammad سورہ محمد

12. Al Fatah سورہ الفتح

13. Al Hujraat سورہ الحجرات

14. Al Rehman سورہ الرحمٰن

15. Al Hadeed سورہ الحدید

16. Al Mujadelah سورہ المجادلہ

17. Al Hashr سورہ الحشر

18. Al Mumtahina سورہ الممتحنہ

19. Al Saaf سورہ الصف

20. Al Juma سورہ الجمعہ

21. Al Munafiqon سورہ المنافقون

22. Al Tagabun سورہ التغابن

23. Al Talaq سورہ الطلاق

24. Al Tahreem سورہ التحریم

25. Al Insan سورہ الانسان

26. Al Baeana سورہ البینہ

27. Al Zalzalah سورہ الزلزال

28. Al Nasar سورہ النصر

Last verified on 30-04-2026

Explanation

• The Indian government's cash balance at the time of Partition was just under Rs 400 crore.
• Pakistan's share of this balance was fixed at Rs 75 crore.
• This amount of Rs 75 crore included Rs 20 crore that was made available to Pakistan immediately.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• The phrase accustomed ended with “To” and is  followed by “ing” form of a verb.
• Accustomed to something means کسی چیز کا عادی ہونا
• I am not accustomed to being interrupted.

Last verified on 12-05-2026

Explanation

• “Since” is used to show the starting point of an action in time.
• In Present Perfect Continuous tense, “since” is used with a specific year or date.
• The sentence shows an action continuing from 1999 until now.

Last verified on 12-05-2026