Explanation

• The Islamic jurisprudence of law is known as Fiqh.
• It is the understanding and application of Shariah (Islamic law) in daily life.
• Fiqh explains how Muslims should act in matters of worship, transactions, ethics, and personal conduct.
• It is based on the Quran, Hadith, Ijma (consensus), and Qiyas (analogy).

Last verified on 11-03-2026

Explanation

• The term “Fiqh” in Islamic studies refers to the understanding of Islamic law (Shariah).
• It is derived from the Arabic word “Fahm”, meaning deep comprehension or understanding.
• It provides rules derived from Quran, Sunnah, Ijma (consensus), and Qiyas (analogy).

Last verified on 11-03-2026

Explanation

The term "Riba" literally means "Any excess."

Explanation

Under Shariah law, theft is punishable by amputation of the hand if strict conditions are met.

These conditions include minimum value of stolen property, security of the item, and absence of necessity or coercion.

Explanation

• A land Tax imposed on the non-Muslim cultivator and landlords was known as Kharag.
• ***
• Kharāj (Arabic: خراج) is a type of individual Islamic tax on agricultural land and its products, developed under Islamic law. 
• Kharaj was originally a property tax paid only by non-Muslims, but Muslims had to pay a "tithe".
• But finally, the term  Kharaj refers to all taxes paid to Islamic authorities.
• *********
  
• The list of taxes imposed under Firoz Shah Tughlaq is as follows: Kharaj: land tax which was equal to one-tenth of the produce of the land.
• ***
• Jizyah, historically, a tax paid by certain non-Muslim minorities to rulers in Muslim states.
• ***
  
  
• VU FIA UDC CONSTABLE PAST PAPER 31-12-2021