Explanation

China is Pakistan’s largest trade partner.

Trade between Pakistan and China increased significantly after CPEC (2015).

Both countries signed a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) in 2006.

This partnership plays a key role in Pakistan’s economy and infrastructure development.

Explanation

Critics argue the Green Pakistan Initiative’s canal projects divert water from the Indus River, worsening water shortages in Sindh and harming the fragile Indus Delta environment.

Environmentalists warn this diversion could lead to ecosystem degradation, mangrove loss, and reduced freshwater flows, impacting agriculture and coastal habitats.

Explanation

Rabi crops are sown in winter (October–December) and harvested in spring (March–April).

Wheat is the major Rabi crop, especially in Pakistan and India.

Kharif crops are sown in summer (April–June) and harvested in autumn (September–October).

Rice is the major Kharif crop, grown during the monsoon season.

Explanation

Barani land refers to agricultural land in Pakistan that is entirely dependent on rainfall for cultivation.

It is common in arid and semi-arid regions where irrigation facilities are limited.

Crop yields on Barani land vary greatly depending on seasonal rainfall.

Explanation

Muzara’ah is an agricultural system where land is leased in return for a share of the crop.

It allows farmers without land to cultivate and share the produce with the landowner.

This practice is common in rural Pakistan and helps manage land and labor resources efficiently.